The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) defines the Havanese as a companion and toy breed, classified under Group 9, Section 1: Bichons and related breeds. The breed standard (FCI Standard No. 250) describes its appearance, temperament, proportions, and other critical characteristics essential for maintaining breed integrity. Below is a detailed breakdown of the FCI Havanese breed standard, last updated on December 12, 2016.
Origin and Historical Context
- Origin: Cuba
- Development: Rooted in the Western Mediterranean region, particularly along Spanish and Italian coasts. Brought to Cuba by Italian sea captains, the breed evolved into its current form.
- Patronage: The FCI oversees the breed standard internationally.
- Historical Challenges: Due to political turmoil in Cuba, the original bloodlines were nearly lost but were preserved through a small group of dogs smuggled to the U.S.
General Appearance
The Havanese is a small yet sturdy dog, with short legs and a lively, elastic gait. Its coat is long, soft, and preferably wavy, lending to its characteristic look.
Key Proportions
- Muzzle Length: Equal to the distance from the stop to the occipital protuberance.
- Body Length to Height: 4:3 ratio, emphasizing a slightly elongated body.
Temperament and Behavior
The Havanese is an exceptionally bright and affectionate dog, known for its happy disposition. It is playful, sociable, and well-suited as a family companion, particularly excelling in its interactions with children. Its lively personality also makes it adept as an alert dog.
Physical Characteristics
Head
- Skull: Broad, slightly rounded, with a flat or slightly elevated forehead.
- Eyes: Large, almond-shaped, dark brown with matching dark eye rims.
- Ears: High-set, dropping slightly with long fringes, forming a discreet fold.
Body
- Neck: Medium length.
- Back: Straight, slightly arched at the loin.
- Tail: Carried high, either curled or in a crozier shape, with abundant silky hair.
Limbs
- Forequarters and Hindquarters: Strong bone structure, with moderate angulations.
- Feet: Slightly elongated, small, with tight toes.
Coat and Color
- Hair: Long (12–18 cm in adults), soft, and wavy or forming curly strands. Trimming or grooming for aesthetic purposes is forbidden except for minor tidying (feet, forehead, and muzzle).
- Color: Diverse, including pure white, fawn (various shades), black, Havana-brown, and tobacco colors. Markings in these shades are acceptable.
Size
- Height: Ideal range is 23–27 cm at the withers, with a tolerance of 21–29 cm.
Faults and Disqualifications
- Severe Faults: Lacking type, harsh coat, incorrect body proportions, or prominent grooming.
- Disqualifications: Aggression, excessive shyness, size beyond the standard, or depigmentation of the nose or eyelids.
Notes for Breeders
Male Havanese must have fully descended testicles, and only healthy dogs that meet breed standards should be used in breeding programs. Emphasis on maintaining typical conformation is crucial.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: What makes the Havanese different from other Bichon breeds?
The Havanese is uniquely characterized by its soft, wavy coat, elastic movement, and charming personality, which combines playfulness and alertness.
Q2: Can a Havanese be trimmed for easier maintenance?
While minor trimming (feet, forehead, and muzzle) is permitted, the breed’s coat should otherwise remain natural.
Q3: What are the most common coat colors in Havanese dogs?
Common colors include fawn (with shades like reddish-brown), Havana-brown, and black. White and tobacco-colored coats are less frequent.
Q4: How tall should a Havanese be?
The breed standard specifies a height range of 23–27 cm at the withers, with a tolerance of 21–29 cm.
Q5: Are Havanese suitable for families with children?
Yes, Havanese are highly social and playful, making them an excellent choice for families with children.
Summary
The Havanese, as described by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, is a lively, affectionate, and sturdy companion. Its soft, flowing coat, coupled with its adaptable temperament, makes it a unique addition to the Bichon group. The breed standard emphasizes natural grooming, proportionate build, and sociable disposition as hallmarks of the breed.
Sources
- Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) Breed Standard N° 250
Link to FCI Official Breed Standards - Havanese Club of America
https://havanese.org - American Kennel Club (AKC)
https://akc.org - Havanese Fanciers of Canada
https://havanesefanciers.com - Merck Veterinary Manual
https://merckvetmanual.com - International Association of Canine Professionals
https://canineprofessionals.com
View the complete list of our research and reference sources.
https://thecompletehavanese-com.preview-domain.com/research
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